English Journey Narrative - 856 Words

Rebeccas Story Sitting by the window, Rebecca was lost in thoughts of the past, the song playing on the radio had been their song, he would play it and she would sing. Those had been the good times. Rebecca are you packed yet? her mother yelled from downstairs, rudely awakening her from her daydreams. Nearly finished Mum, was the reply, in reality she had hardly begun. She didnt know what to bring, what was important to her and what she would need. It was only for 3 weeks. She put her suitcase onto her bed; inside it she put her underwear, 6 t-shirts, 4 singlets, 3 pairs of shorts, jeans, 2 skirts, 1 dress, 2 pairs of swimming togs, a pair of  ¾ pants, a jumper, 2 pairs of shoes, her hairbrush and other toiletries†¦show more content†¦Cmon Becky, play tennis with me her dad asked her Dad I havent played since I was about 8! I dont know how and Id just make a fool of myself was her answer. He won the argument, she stuck on her trainers and they went to the court, she hit the ball hard, he complimented her on her swing. The more she hit the ball the better she felt, she could feel the tension in her body leaving. They played everyday, followed by a swim; she could feel herself improving in not only her skill but her fitness too. Music, it was something she enjoyed. Song after song she reflected, laying in bed, she was having fun, her mind was busy with happy thoughts, everything she listened to reminded her of something, good times and bad, shed come to realise, that all she was carrying with her was starting to leave. Everything carried meaning, her teddy bear that hed given her on her 18th birthday, it never left her; it allowed her to feel close to him when they were apart. The shirt she wore when he took her out for dinner, the skirt that had been ripped when they were on the swings, shed thrown it away but he saved it and had it mended for her, the earrings hed given her for Christmas which shed worn ever since and the photos of him and her she carried with her. She took out her earrings, she changed the song to one her and her friends danced to when they wereShow MoreRelatedMy Name is Nobody: Postmodernism in Derek Walcotts The Schooner Flight1389 Words   |  6 PagesTales of journeys appear repeatedly throughout the expanse of literature; these sagas include the stories of Gilgamesh, King Arthur, and, more recently, The Lord of the Rings. Derek Walcott’s poem â€Å"The Schooner Flight† initially seems out of place amongst these surging legends of heroics and danger, yet through closer examination the poem flourishes as a postmodern retelling then deconstruction of the age-old heroic journey. The poem is a celebration of Greek mythology, a disruptive force againstRead MoreFrame Characteristics In Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales1119 Words   |  5 PagesFrame narratives, a collection of stories or adventures all contained in one book, provide the reader with more information, background and one’s motivation. In the fabliau, The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer uses frame narratives to incorporate the many stories of pilgrims. The author, Geoffrey Chaucer, also known as the â€Å"Father of English Literature,† writes these little stories to mirror his inquisitive language and use of cunning and satirical passion. The tale takes place in the fourteenth centuryRead MoreSebastien Manrique, Antonio Monserrate, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, and William Hawkinss Contributions to Our Understanding of Life During Their Time619 Words   |  3 Pagesthe people and the lands they encountered on their journey, which are well preserved today. Europeans such as Sebastien Manrique, Antonio Monserrate, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, and William Hawkins recorded their experiences and observations from fascinating and informative visions travel and life in india during this period and provide invaluable contribution to our understanding of life at the time. Sebastien Manrique, a priest who went on a journey to India for missionary work, writes his experiencesRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And The Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1422 Words   |  6 Pagesthese captives, and the resulting captivity narrative, titled The Narrative of the Captivity and the Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, published in 1682, is formed based on her memory. Rowlandson’s captivity narrative carried great significance in that it came to be used as a didactic Jeremiad, leading its Calvinist audience back towards God’s path and away from an allegorical wilderness. As a devout Calvinist, Rowlandson believes that her journey through captivity is a test wrought by her GodRead MoreJaws1045 Words   |  5 PagesJoe McBride 11/21/11 English 11 Hero s Journey Narrative: Jaws Jaws was a movie that was made which clearly represents itself as a movie that follows a Hero s Journey Narrative. The Journey begins with The Call, as part of the Departure. The Call begins once Sheriff Brody is first made aware of the shark attack that happens, before several more break out. He essentially accepts The Call by looking further into the attack, in case more come to his attention. The Initiation beginsRead MoreStream of Consciousness Novel1102 Words   |  5 PagesModernist English Fiction (with Special Reference to the Contributions of James Joyce and Virginia Woolf) Arpan Adhikary The term ‘stream of consciousness’ as applied in literary criticism to designate a particular mode of prose narrative was first coined by philosopher William James in his book Principles of Psychology (1890) to describe the uninterrupted flow of perceptions, memories and thoughts in active human psyche. As a literary term, however, it denotes a certain narrative technique usedRead MoreMother Tongue, By Amy Tan, And The Memoirs Of A Rebel Princess847 Words   |  4 Pages The two writings Mother Tongue, by Amy Tan, and The Memoirs of a Rebel Princess, by Abida Sultaan, were able to reach me and affect me as an audience through their tone and purpose (Jack and Pryal 2016). Both of these stories are literacy narratives, thus the authors are writing about their own experiences of learning to read and to write. Each of these stories depicts the difficulties these authors endured before they were able to successfully accomplish their education. Every piece ofRead MoreEssay about The Faith of Mary Rowlandson1098 Words   |  5 PagesThe Faith of Mary Rowlandson In her writing titled â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson†, Mary lies out for the reader her experience of being held in captivity by Indians during the King Philip’s War. Perhaps one of the most significant aspects of this writing is the glimpse that the reader gets into Rowlandson’s faith and religion. Faith was a major aspect of life in the Colonial Period. It was of widespread belief that God was to be feared, and that he wasRead MoreNarrative and Genre Features in the Opening Sequence of Pulp Fiction898 Words   |  4 PagesNarrative and Genre Features in the Opening Sequence of Pulp Fiction A narrative is the story itself and generic features are elements expected to be contained within a certain category of film. Pulp Fiction is labeled as a gangster film; however gangster films follow very precise generic elements such a death, contraband’s, violence, wealth and strong family loyalties. Pulp Fiction doe follow the above mentioned elements but the locations of the action are unorthodoxRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And The Restoration Of Mary Rowlandson1611 Words   |  7 Pagesamong these captives, and the resulting captivity narrative, titled The Narrative of the Captivity and the Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, published in 1682, is formed based on her memory. Rowlandson’s captivity narrative carried great significance in that it came to be used as a didactic Jeremiad, leading its Calvinist audience back towards God’s path and away from an allegorical wilderness. As a devout Calvinist, Rowlandson believes her journey through captivity is a test wrought by her God

The Country of Thailand - 1315 Words

When we talk about Thailand, the first thing that would cross our mind is the foods and cultural values that has been preserved for centuries. Not to forget beautiful beaches and also the magical environmental values that are essential for tourism. All these values makes Thailand looks amazing in the eyes of tourist and also people from all around the globe. But despite these positive aspect, there are also dark sides that has been illuminating the people of Thailand for centuries. Havoc and chaos has become a normal scenario in the political culture of Thailand since early 90’s. Many prime ministers has come and gone since that period but the political condition in Thailand is still as worst as it looks. Thailand is our nearest neighbour that has many similarities in culture and even the political background. Lets forget about the riot that has been happening even long before Thaksin regime. Lets focus on why these riots has been continuedly happening without any solution. What are the reasons? In Thailand, the government uses an autocratic leadership style where almost everything is controlled by the government. They control everything including the legislative and judiciary system in order to control any transaction and also the people of Thailand. The government also have full access to the media where they control everything including what the media station feeds the viewer in Thailand. The riots start happening by the time the citizen of Thailand are beingShow MoreRelatedThe Country Of Thailand : Thailand1174 Words   |  5 PagesThailand is a country which is 514,000 square kilometers long situated in the middle of mainland south east Asia. Thailand was known as siam in older times. It was a land where rice was cultivated and rice was their main crop. In 18th century it was under British control and when British gave freedom to southeast Asia Thailand was announced as buffere state between British controlled area and Burma. Noe a days the total population of Thailand is approximately 68,272,740. This is thickly populatedRead MoreThe country of Thailand1308 Words   |  5 PagesThailand is located in South-East Asia that is near to the border of Burma, Laos and Cambodia. Thailand has an area of about 513,000 km2 and the population of people is about 70 million people. The capital city of Thailand is Bangkok. Bangkok is one of the largest cities in Thailand. They has their own languages, which is Thai, Northern East Thai, and Southern Thai, and they also writes in Thai language. For the religion, most Thais are Buddhist, which is about 94.6% of people are Buddhists, 4.6%Read MoreCountry Background:. Thailand . Thailand Is In The Southeastern1028 Words   |  5 PagesCountry Background: Thailand Thailand is in the Southeastern region of Asia surrounded by the Gulf of Thailand, Andaman Sea, and South China Sea. Sharing borders with Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia. (1) Thailand is approximately three times the size of Florida, and more than two times the size of Wyoming. (1) The countries government is based on a constitutional monarchy, with military affiliation. (1) Thailand possesses the 2nd largest economy in Southeast Asia after Indonesia; GDP for 2015Read MoreIs Thailand A Wonderful Country?1669 Words   |  7 PagesSo you have fallen in love with Thailand? Like so many others before you, and the thousands that will follow? For whatever reason, you have chosen to own a property in Thailand? This could be for the long term prospect of making this wonderful country your permanent home, or as a potential investment, and/or for the pleasure of having a luxury holiday home in the sun. Whatever the reason, there are certain things you need to consider before jumping hea d-first into a purchase. Naturally, what seemsRead MoreThailand Is A Country Of Southeast Asia Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesThailand is a country in Southeast Asia, where it is a homeland of over 65 million Thai people in 2015 (Boonrach, 2015). Considering the languages are using in Thailand, currently, there is not only a Thai language standing on the stage of all communities but also other languages other than Thai are standing beside it in local settings. Unexpectedly, there are over 80 languages are spoken in Thailand, but there is only one official spoken and written language due to the domination of Thai (SmalleyRead MoreThailand : Southeast Asian Country1938 Words   |  8 PagesThailand is located in Southeast Asia. This country is the only Southeast Asian country that has never been occupied by any European or other foreign country, except in war. Thailand is bordered on the west and northwest by Myanmar (formerly Burma); on the northeast and east by Laos and Cambodia; and on the south by the Gu lf of Thailand, peninsular Malaysia, and the Andaman Sea. With an area of 513,115 sq km (198,115 sq mi) Thailand’s distinctive shape is often said to resemble an elephant’s headRead MoreThailand : A Country With A Population Of 67.73 Million People1326 Words   |  6 PagesThailand is a country with a population of 67.73 million people, approximately 48.2% being women. Of these women, roughly 1,000,000 of them (~80% under 16 years of age) are involved in sex trafficking and prostitution. When nearly 1.5% of a nation’s population is economically dependent on an illegal and morally ambiguous industry, the issue should not be taken lightly (Jones; Hays). In fact, due to their poor performance in monitoring, and combating, human trafficking, the U.S. State Department rankedRead MoreThailand Trade : A Country s Largest Exporter Of Rice1107 Words   |  5 PagesThailand Trade from 2000 to 2014 Thailand is a country in South East Asia with current Chief of State is King Bhumibol Adulyadej and the Head of Government is Prime Minister Prayut Chan-ocha. The country’s official monetary unit is Thai baht. Thailand used to be the world’s largest exporter of rice until the year of 2013. Moreover, Thailand and the United States are members for a number of the same international organizations, including the World Trade Organization (WTO), Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationRead MoreAustralia Regional And Global Links Alfred Li1253 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Links Alfred Li Intro: Australia and Thailand have longstanding and deep connections. These two countries cooperate in a broad range of areas of mutual interest, which mainly includes trade and investment, law enforcement, counter-terrorism, education, security, migration and tourism. The bilateral relationship is supported by mutual membership of international and regional organisations. The steady relationship between these two countries facilitated a dramatic increase of two-way tradeRead MoreThailand : The Khmer And Mons1069 Words   |  5 Pages The country that is currently known as Thailand, was not always that. Originally Thailand went by the name of Siam. The original people that inhabited Thailand were the Khmer and Mons. The Khmer and Mons were the only inhabitants of the country until people traveled from southern China into Siam. These people went by the name â€Å"Tai†. For twenty thousand years, the area that makes up Thailand by hunter and gathers to survive until they began to crea te settlements. One interesting fact about Thailand

avatar Essay Example For Students

avatar Essay ESSAY COVER SHEET ANIOOI Anthropology Cultural Diversity in Global Perspective ASSESSMENT TASK: Analysts of Avatar QUESTION: How is ethnocentrism depicted in the film Avatar? Discuss with reference to the notions of exoticism, primitivism and romanticism. TITLE: Ethnocentrism in Avatar WORD COUNT: 589 words Tutorial Class: Thursday 1000-1150 James Camerons Avatar This essay aims to identify scenes where ethnocentrism and three related concepts exoticism, primitivism and romanticism. The film Avatar depicts the life of Jake sully, he main protagonist who was brought into the world of Pandora, an alien civilisation, He was disguised as a Navi (tall scrawny looking blue humanoids) to infiltrate into their clan to learn the ways and lifestyle of the Navi before betraying them. During his integration in their unique culture, he was exposed to Ethnocentrism, exoticism, primitivism, romanticism. That made him realise the cruelty of humans and their obsession with the precious rock which would shake the balance of Pandora and its people. Ethnocentrism is the thinking that ones own culture is the proper way of life nd that other ways of life are inferior (Lundberg, 2012) . The colonial powers, especially Colonel Miles Quaritch had no dis regard to the life on the planet, considering them as hostile and uncivilized. They still continued their quest for the mineral despite acknowledging the fact that the entire planet would be in Jeopardy once the sacred trees were destroyed. According to Parker Selfridge, the NAVI people were portrayed as inferior to humans labelling them as blue monkeys (Cameron Landau, 2009), an insult to the Navi race. Exoticism involves the creation of nother who is strange but at least as important beautiful (Lutz Colins, 1993). It was also vividly expressed in the world of Pandora, with plants and certain species of creature glowing in the night of the forest. A sight to behold as you could see nature radiating from the darkness of the forest floor. Landscapes also considered being strange in comparison with Earth as mountains seem to be floating on mid-air. This Hallelujah Mountains also known as Ayrum alusing are levitating islands that rely on the magnetic field circulating around Pandora. Analytic description of the film vatar The elements of primitivism are also shown within the society of the Navi clan. Primitivism views other culture as lower on a developmental or evolutionary scale making them look stupid and irrational (Lundberg, 2012). The ingenious tribes are seen as hostile savages relying on bows and arrows as weapons that are considered to be very laid back and ancient compared to humans modern technology of using machineguns. A scene depicting a huge bulldozer with arrows stuck to the wheel also clearly shows the contrast of technology between the humans and the Navi tribes hich are primitive. Romanticism which defines as noble savage being one with nature (Lundberg, 2012) is clearly evident in their planet. They are able to relate with nature using their long ponytail like hair as a means to communicate with them. You can clearly see several incidents of romanticism when the tribes connects their ponytail like hair to the creatures . Taming them and finally controlling their movements with their minds. Especially in the scene when Jake was trying to choose his Ikran, a large flying carnivorous creature in the film avatar. There is also another cene with Jake communicating with the spirit tree. Seeking help from Eywa, their goddess whom they believe could stop the war between the humans and ultimately restore balance in the world of Pandora. As you can see the concepts of Ethnocentrism, exoticism, primitivism, romanticism which made Jake Sully realizes the humans cruel intentions to lay waste in the world of Pandora. During his stay, what he initially thought of them as barbaric and uncivilized has changed during his exposure with the Navi clan. He realized that the Navi are actually civilized and cultured in their unique way. Cameron,J. Landau, J. (Producer), Cameron, J. (Director). (2009). Avatar . United States: 20th Century Fox, Lightstorm Entertainment. Lundberg, A. (2012). ANIOOI Anthropology: Cultural Diversity in Global Perspective, Lecture 2 , Retrieved from https://learn]cu. ]cu. edu. au/bbcswebdav/pid-1269635-dt-content- ril 1 12533 %20LearnJCU. pdf Lutz, C. A. Collins, J. L. (1993). A World Brightly Different: Photographic Conventions,1950-1960. Reading Nationa l Geographic. (pp. 87-118). Chicago, USA: The University of Chicago Press.

Population In The World Today Essays - Demography,

Population In The World Today Population in the world today Probably the most pressing concern of the modern world both environmentally and socially is the escalating global population. The geometrical growth in numbers over the last century, when estimated, presents an ominous picture of massive, unsustainable growth and accompanying famines and health crises. Yet, to simply follow the current trend is naive, and informed estimates of population trends are increasingly predicting a less disastrous future. The latest study shows an 85% chance that global population will peak before 2100, and predicts with 60% certainty that this peak will be less than 10 billion, compared with a population of 6 billion today. They even give an outside chance, 15%, that there will be fewer people living at the end of the century than are alive now. Their results are notable not just for the relatively low figures projected, but also for the rigorous analysis that accompanies them. Whereas the United Nation estimates present just four possible outcomes (constant, high, medium and low). The US Census Bureau includes specific chances of a particular scenario occurring on a specific date. This graphically illustrates the confidence (or otherwise) of predictions further into the future. To arrive at their conclusions, the team combined two forecasting techniques 'time series estimation, a statistical analysis based on known figures, and 'expert judgment', whereby key parameters are estimated taking into account foreseeable events such as disease, war and fertility trends. Apart from the lower total population figure estimated (8.8 billion by 2050, compared to 9.3 for the UN's medium estimate, 2000 revision). Population decline in developed nations is expected to accelerate, with the European part of the former USSR expected to lose 20% of it population by 2050. Such declines lead inevitably to ageing populations, and half of all people living in Japan at the end of the century are predicted to be over 60 years old. With these facts, there is no doubt in our minds that we are in for some trouble. Over the next 50 years, the United States alone faces some population problems. What we need to do is keep the growth rate at stage 4, meaning we need to have birth and death rates low. Since the beginning of the US, we have continued to double our population in less and less time. In 1900, there were 1.65 billion people in the US and it took 135 years to double that. In 1950, there were 2.5 billion people and that doubled in only eighty years. The last estimated doubling time was in 1997 when there were 5.85 billion people and it only took forty-five years to double. The question is what will happen when population starts doubling in only two or three years? We have yet to figure out what will happen, but an estimated guess between all of us would conclude that by the time US population gets to this point, there will be so many people dying from incurable diseases that it really wont matter. Already we have what is known as the AIDS virus which has spread world wide, and still with all the research that has been done, there is no cure. Its very scary the direction that America is headed in. We have made a lot of economic progress but nothing can stop the unstoppable. Date Est. Population Doubling Time in Years 8000 BC 5 Million 59,000 years 1 AD 300 Million 1350 years 1750 (beginning of Industrial Revolution) 790 Million 1250 years 1800 980 Million 165 years 1850 1.26 Billion 135 years 1900 1.65 Billion 130 years 1950 2.5 Billion 80 years 1997 5.85 Billion 45 years Bibliography National Geographic US Census Bureau Economics Essays

Luke Gospel Essays (2175 words) - Prophets Of Islam,

Luke Gospel Physician and companion of Paul wrote this Gospel in the mid 60's A.D. Luke wrote both the Gospel of Luke and Acts making him the largest contributor to the New Testament. These writings both begin with dedications to Theophilus, perhaps a potential or recent convert or patron who sponsored the circulation of Luke and Acts. The third Gospel presents Jesus as the Son of Man. The first three chapters and the beginning of the fourth give us the entrance of the Lord into the race, beginning with his genealogy; how he was born and made one of us. Then chapters four through nineteen trace for us the first part of his ministry among men, and especially, his journey toward Jerusalem, with the final chapters dedicated to the last days of sacrifice and triumph. Luke's historical narrative begins as follows: With the birth of Zechariah and Elizabeth's child, John. Elizabeth was barren, she and Zechariah were well along in years but Gabriel, an angel of the Lord appeared to Zechariah saying, "Your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son and you are to give him the name John and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit." Zechariah questioned the angel, "How can I be sure of this? I am an old man and my wife is well along in years." Gabriel said, "I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to tell you this good news. And now you will be silent and not able to speak until the day this happens." And this was so. A virgin named Mary was pledged to be married to a man named Joseph, a descendant of David when the angel, Gabriel went to her and said, "Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you. Do not be afraid, Mary, you have found favor with God. You will be with child and give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. The Lord God will give him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever; his kingdom will never end." When Jesus made his virginal entrance into the world, the shepherds were visited by an angel telling them the Savior had been born and they could find him wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger in the town of David. The shepherds hurried off and found Mary and Joseph, and the baby. The second item Luke gives us is the story of Jesus' presentation in the temple at the age of 12, and the way he surprised everyone with his ability to answer questions -- his great mental capacity. Some years later, John son of Zechariah and Elizabeth, was preparing the way by preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. While John was baptizing people, Jesus was baptized too. The heaven opened and the Holy Spirit descended on him and a voice said, "You are my Son, whom I love; with you I am well pleased." It was here that Luke gave a detailed account of Jesus' genealogy, tracing it back to Adam. Now Jesus was about thirty years old when he began his ministry. Temptations were great. The Spirit led him to the desert, where for forty days he was tempted by the devil. He ate nothing during those days, and at the end of them he was hungry. The devil tested him in many ways but Jesus did not waiver. As you continue through Luke, you see Jesus teaching and preaching, At one time he was rejected by the people of Nazareth where he had been brought up. Jesus drove out evil spirits from a man possessed by demons. He healed a women suffering from a high fever. People brought to Jesus all who had various kinds of sickness, and laying his hand on each one, he healed them. It was at this time Jesus called his first disciples-Peter (Simon), James, and John. Jesus' teaching and healing continued. He was questioned about his behavior on the Sabbath, concerning fasting and healing. The Pharisees and the teachers of the law were looking for a reason to accuse Jesus, so they watched him closely. Jesus knew what they were doing. The Pharisees were furious and began to discuss with each other what they might do to Jesus. After praying one night the next

Elisha Grays Telephone Invention Patent Caveat

Elisha Grays Telephone Invention Patent Caveat Elisha Gray was an American inventor who contested the invention of the telephone with Alexander Graham Bell. Elisha Gray invented a version of the telephone in his laboratory in Highland Park, Illinois. Background - Elisha Gray 1835-1901 Elisha Gray was a Quaker from rural Ohio who grew up on a farm. He studied electricity at Oberlin College. In 1867, Gray received his first patent for an improved telegraph relay. During his lifetime, Elisha Gray was granted over seventy patents for his inventions, including many important innovations in electricity. In 1872, Gray founded the Western Electric Manufacturing Company, the great-grandparent of todays Lucent Technologies. Patent Wars - Elisha Gray Vs Alexander Graham Bell On February 14, 1876, Alexander Graham Bells telephone patent application entitled Improvement in Telegraphy was filed at the USPTO by Bells attorney Marcellus Bailey.  Elisha Grays attorney filed a caveat for a telephone just a few hours later entitled Transmitting Vocal Sounds Telegraphically. Alexander Graham Bell was the fifth entry of that day, while Elisha Gray was 39th. Therefore, the U.S. Patent Office awarded Bell with the first patent for a telephone, US Patent 174,465 rather than honor Grays caveat. On September 12, 1878  lengthy patent litigation involving the Bell Telephone Company against Western Union Telegraph Company and Elisha Gray began. What Is a Patent Caveat? A patent caveat was a type of preliminary application for a patent that gave an inventor an additional 90 days grace to file a regular patent application. The caveat would prevent anyone else that filed an application on the same or similar invention from having their application processed for 90 days while the caveat holder was given an opportunity to file a full patent application first. Caveats are no longer issued. Elisha Grays Patent Caveat Filed on February 14, 1876 To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, Elisha Gray, of Chicago, in the County of Cook, and  State of Illinois, have invented a new art of transmitting vocal sounds telegraphically, of which the following is a specification. It is the object of my invention to transmit the tones of the human voice through a telegraphic circuit and reproduce them at the receiving end of the  line so that actual conversations can be carried on by persons at long distances apart. I have invented and patented methods of transmitting musical impressions or sounds  telegraphically, and my present invention is based  on  a modification of the principle of said invention, which is set forth and described in letters patent of the  United  States, granted to me July 27th, 1875, respectively numbered 166,095, and 166,096, and also in an application for letters patent of the United States, filed by me, February 23d, 1875. To attain the objects of my invention, I devised an instrument capable of vibrating responsively to all tones of the human voice, and by which they are rendered audible. In the accompanying  drawings  I have shown an apparatus embodying my improvements in the best way now known to me, but I contemplate various other applications, and also changes in the details of construction of the apparatus, some of which would  obviously suggest themselves to a skillful electrician, or a person in the science of acoustics, in seeing this application. Figure 1 represents a vertical central section through the transmitting instrument; Figure 2, a similar section through the receiver; and Figure 3, a diagram representing the whole apparatus.   My present belief is, that the most effective method of providing an apparatus capable of responding to the various tones of the human voice, is a tympanum, drum or diaphragm, stretched across one end of the chamber, carrying an apparatus for producing fluctuations in the potential of the electric current, and consequently varying in its power. In the drawings, the person transmitting sounds is shown as talking into a box, or chamber, A, across the outer end of which is stretched a diaphragm, a, of some thin substance, such as parchment or gold-beaters skin, capable of responding to all the vibrations of the human voice, whether simple or complex. Attached to this diaphragm is a light metal rod, A, or other suitable conductor of electricity, which extends into a vessel B, made of glass or other insulating material, having its lower end  closed by a plug, which may be of metal, or through which passes a conductor b, forming part of the circuit. This vessel is filled with some liquid possessing high resistance, such, for instance, as water, so that the vibrations of the plunger or rod A, which does not quite touch the conductor b, will cause variations in resistance, and, consequently, in the potential of the current passing through the rod A. Owing to this construction, the resistance varies constantly in response to the vibrations of the diaphragm, which, although irregular, not only in their amplitude, but in rapidity, are nevertheless transmitted, and can, consequently, be transmitted through a single rod, which could not be done with a positive make and break of the circuit employed, or where contact points are used. I contemplate, however, the use of a series of  diaphragm  in a common vocalizing chamber, each diaphragm carrying and independent  rod, and responding to a vibration of different rapidity and intensity, in which case contact points mounted on other diaphragms may be employed. The vibrations thus imparted are transmitted through an electric circuit to the receiving station, in which circuit is included an  electromagnet  of ordinary construction, acting upon a diaphragm to which is attached a piece of soft iron, and which  diaphragm  is stretched across a receiving vocalizing chamber c, somewhat similar to the corresponding vocalizing chamber A. The diaphragm at the receiving end of the line is this thrown into vibration corresponding with those at the transmitting end, and audible sounds or words are produced. The obvious practical application of my improvement will be to enable persons at a distance to converse with each other through a telegraphic circuit, just as they do now in each others presence, or through a speaking tube. I claim as my invention the art of transmitting vocal sounds or conversations telegraphically through an electric circuit. Elisha Gray WitnessesWilliam J. PeytonWm D. Baldwin

Womens lives during the sixteenth century colonial America Essay

Womens lives during the sixteenth century colonial America - Essay Example The socio-historical studies on women’s lives during the sixteenth century colonial America were monumental in shaping the status that women of the modern world today enjoy. From the twentieth century-woman perspective, it must have been an extremely difficult and daunting to live in that period. And we have our women ancestors to thank for what they have to endure and how it was able to shape the socio-cultural construction of womanhood. This essay will basically tackle the different experiences as survived by women during the historical colonization of Europe in the Americas. To begin with, the sixteenth century woman could be considered as someone who existed to uphold the domination of Europeans conquistador, even when they are unaware of it or even when they have exerted much effort to resist the colonizers mere presence in their lives. As women took the essential role of reproduction, whether slave or master, they were seen as a key factor to maintain the system of patri archy as well as the continuation of its bloodline. In the case of Spanish borderlands, women slaves were almost always subjected to sexual abuse by their masters. These women slaves themselves were not any given any rights to retaliate or file a cause against their perpetrators, except for the few lucky ones1 who were given certain privileges to live freely after servitude. And the product of these sexual abuses paved way to a second generation of hybrid children. These children, though born from a slave, had actually acquired with them a benefit not enjoyed by their mothers. These children were accepted in the master’s family and treated as part of the kin where they are given equal rights, a privilege they will never have being a slave. Patriarchy then is underscored as this circumstance displays the following characteristics: (1) the male as being reproductively potent and is able to procreate, and (2) the man’s ability to sustain the needs of his nuclear and even these additional and extended families. This more often than not violent relationship of masters and their women slaves have actually mutually benefited both parties. Without their full consciousness, masters have ensured for their women slaves economic benefits for their children while simultaneously these women slaves have ensured for their masters the persistence of his bloodline. Another case where women have more than just a reproductive functional role was in Chesapeake Bay. Women (and men) were imported as indentured slaves due to the lack of manpower to sustain the area’s tobacco production. They are then to serve their European masters while at the same time given the responsibility to toil the fields during planting and harvest periods. In this case, women were forced to double-hat various functions so they could acquire what was deemed as their prize for being slaves – freedom. By securing themselves trans-Atlantic passages and little property after the peri od of enslavement, these slaves were given power to ultimately take control of their lives anew. This new kind of power was an advantageous mechanism for them as they have already adapted and adopted the lifestyle and even the culture of their masters. Their agency allows them to subject themselves to servitude with the end goal of acquiring power through independence. With freedom being prized, it is almost wrong to say that these women are not empowered. Power was within their capacity in fact, but it was not naturally obtained. Certain efforts had to be exerted and many sufferings had to be endured for the end goal of achieving freedom. New England women, on the other hand, because of the nature of Puritanism, were never allowed to inherit the properties of their departed husbands in contrast to Chesapeake women who have the full autonomy over their husband properties upon being widowed. The Church was made the new and automatic owners of properties of widowed women. Looking at t he picture, it would seem to us that Chesapeake women had the upper hand over the New Englanders. But dissecting

Access to Healthcare as an Ethical Issue Research Paper

Access to Healthcare as an Ethical Issue - Research Paper Example These health conditions are proved to be very expensive to manage. Likewise, other chronic health conditions such as heart ailments are very costly to treat. Due to the elevated costs of maintaining these health conditions, the cost of health care has also plummeted. Consequently, some of the societal and collective courses of action aimed at improving and making healthcare accessible to everyone such as Medicare have been adversely affected by this costly management. This is the reason why a substantial percentage of Americans do not have health insurance. One of the issues of ethical or moral concern in the U.S. facing leaders in healthcare today is improving access to health. The issue of inability to access healthcare has remained an issue of concern in the field of healthcare over the recent past. According to Trotochaud (2006), â€Å"In 2002, almost 85% of the US population reported having healthcare insurance coverage from employer-based insurance (55%), Medicaid, other means-tested programs (17%), or Medicare (13%). The remaining 15% of the population had no health insurance coverage of any type.† (166). Many critics of the US health care system have been arguing that the US government does not deal with or tackle the ever increasing expenditure on healthcare. Americans on the other hand believe that issues of accessibility and expenditure incurred on health care are issues of great worry. According to Trotochaud (2006), the issue o f access to healthcare is concerned with issues of fairness and impartiality. Citizens of a democratic nation have the right to fair and impartial allocation of national assets. To effectively comprehend on the issue of access to healthcare as an ethical issue, it is important to categorize fairness and impartiality to healthcare into access and allocation. Access to healthcare means that individuals possessing the right to access healthcare are able to obtain it. Allocation on the other hand includes the procedures that are incorporated in deciding the percent of national income and assets will be dispersed to cater for healthcare services in the community. The issue of access to healthcare in the US is a political and policy problem. What makes it unethical or immoral is uneven and lopsided access. As a leader, it would be important to implement plans of action that would level the ground and ensure access to healthcare is even. In fact methodical studies conducted in the past hav e elucidated the fact that three quarters of Americans believe that the social order and the world in general is ought to guarantee universal and equal access to healthcare for all individuals. More than half of Americans believe that the issue of access to healthcare is more of a moral issue as compared to being a political and economic predicament. There are certain moral or ethical issues in access to healthcare including equal opportunity for all, fairness, as well as consideration and sympathy. Leaders have been involved in trying to make the American dream a reality. I believe one of the components of the American Dream is equal opportunities for all Americans in all aspects of the society. Therefore, individual well being is a significant component geared to attainment of equal opportunities for all. When some communities in the US fail to have an equal opportunity in accessing healthcare, then this becomes amoral issue. This is contrary to

Lotus Car Rental Launch Lotus Green Essay Example for Free

Lotus Car Rental Launch Lotus Green Essay In the current climate of environmental and financial concerns across the United States many businesses have taken the initiative to go â€Å"green. † Green products and practices often cost more at the start and then generate savings over the lifetime of the product through energy conservation and maintenance savings. Car rental agencies, including Lotus competitors, have begun to incorporate hybrid options into their fleet as a way of tapping into an emerging class of eco-conscious consumers. Hybrid vehicles are becoming more popular among consumers and are expected to be common place in the near future. Lotus can begin developing a green branch now as part of an initiative to update services that reflect future growth. There are currently more than 1,800,000 thousand cars for rent in the United States generating approximately $21 billion in revenue (Ohngren Brown, 2007). The car rental business as a whole has steadily increased since 2002 and a rise is expected over the next five years. However, due to the dramatic fluxation in gasoline prices as well as growing environmental concerns there is currently a demand for fuel efficient and hybrid vehicles. Rental statistics for Sports Utility Vehicles (SUVs), minivans, large trucks and other vehicles that have low fuel economy have been on the decline since consumers began to feel the impact of rising gasoline costs. Current customers looking to save money at the pump as well as a new generation of environmentally conscious spenders are looking for hybrid options. Lotus can accommodate this potential clientele base by launching a line of â€Å"green† vehicles. Major competitors such as Avis – Budget, Rent-A-Car, Hertz and Enterprise already offer hybrid vehicles for rent. Although the price of these vehicles is higher per day customers are typically promised to save in gas mileage and they are paying the difference. The majority of potential clients interested in Hybrid vehicles are willing to pay more in exchange for the satisfaction of driving a vehicle that produces less carbon emissions and conserves gasoline. Hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV) use two or more sources of energy. The most common energy sources include a combination of renewable energy storage system (RESS) and gasoline or diesel. However, solar energy, hydrogen and other alternative sources of fuel are available for use in HEVs as well. HEVs can be configured to increase power, improve gas mileage or provide auxiliary power for electrical devices and power tools. Emerging technology dictates that alternative fuels and hybrid vehicles are leading the way into the future. According to a Priceline survey 72 percent of travelers want rental car companies to offer hybrid vehicles (Environmental Leader, 2007, p. 01). Approximately 39 percent said they would even be willing to pay $1 to $3 more per day for a hybrid option. Current investment projects in renewable energy may wan as the price of gasoline drops to $70 a barrel, the lowest in nearly two years, but long term projections indicate that the use of alternative fuels will prosper over the next ten years and gasoline usage (Environmental Leader, 2007, p. 01). Going green is going to become a necessity for rental companies that want to stay ahead of the curve. Specifically companies promoting the benefits of green business practices as well as â€Å"eco-marketing† can build strong brand integrity (Ohngren Brown, 2007). Advertising campaigns geared toward the emerging class of eco-conscience money makers are already proving to be successful. According to www. business. gov, a government based business resource, companies that are already competitive in price and services benefit from adding green initiatives, products and eco-labeling as a method of securing a share of the market (Business. gov The Official Business Link to the US Government, 2008) As a small business looking to expand in a growingly competitive market Lotus can benefit from launching a green fleet of rental options. Current competitors are only using Hybrid vehicles as a small percentage of their fleet. By replacing three currently outdated vehicles with Hybrid options Lotus can begin a green campaign as well as update current selection of vehicles. The Honda Civic Hybrid and the Toyota Prius are two of the most cost effective hybrid vehicles currently on the market. The 2009 Civic gets approximately 45 miles per gallon and can be purchased around $24,000. Although this is significantly higher than a conventional Civic, which costs approximately $16,000 and gets 34 miles per gallon, consumers looking to test drive a hybrid as well as a growing number of consumers who will make a decision based on environmental choices will choice this option over the conventional model despite the price. The 2009 Toyota Prius is emerging as an even more cost effective hybrid starting at $22,000 it gets 48 miles per gallon. The standard price of a conventional car rental is approximately $55 per day. Competitors are charging $5 to $15 more per day for hybrid vehicles (Rent a Hybrid Car, n. d. ). Hybrid vehicles are becoming increasingly more common. So much so that hybrid rentals are also becoming more common. Eventually the cost of hybrid rental cars may be equivalent to that of standard vehicles. However, rental companies must take the lead and offer hybrid vehicles as well as promote them in order to pursue this avenue of business expansion. â€Å"By making more hybrid vehicles available and promoting their benefits, rental companies could easily increase their popularity among otherwise uninterested consumers. As popularity increases, the price of renting these green cars, which cost less to maintain to begin with, could eventually equal that of standard rentals (Rent a Hybrid Car, n. d. ,  ¶ 4). In conclusion, hybrid vehicles currently cost more than conventional vehicles. But consumers are illustrating that they are willing to pay more for hybrid options. Furthermore, the popularity of hybrid vehicles has already increased dramatically and is expected to continue to do so. The natural process of supply and demand has already produced an increased number of hybrid vehicles within the automobile market. This trend is expected to continue until hybrid vehicles become a staple within the auto industry. Lotus competitors have already begun to incorporate hybrid vehicles into their fleet as well as launch green campaigns and solidify branding. Lotus can gain an edge by incorporating hybrid vehicles as well as launching a branch of green car rentals. Incorporating hybrids will keep Lotus competitive with other rental agencies as well as meet consumer demand for this product. Currently there are two cost effective hybrid options, the Honda Civic Hybrid and Toyota Prius. Although both have higher fuel economy than conventional vehicles the Prius is emerging as a better investment. The Prius gets better gas mileage and costs less. Adding a small percentage of hybrid options allows Lotus to launch a new eco-conscious branding campaign as well as pursue a new class of customers, the environmentally concerned. References Business. gov The Official Business Link to the US Government (Producer). (2008). Green Marketing [Video file]. Retrieved from www. business. gov Environmental Leader (2007, April 24). Rental Car Customers Want Hybrid Option. Retrieved from Environmental briefing web site: www. environmentalleader. com Ohngren, K. , Brown, C. (2007, September/October). The Greening of the Auto Rental Industry. Auto Rental News, 6. Rent a Hybrid Car (n. d. ). Green or not? How much eco-cred do rental car agencies get for offering hybrids?. Retrieved December 01, 2008, from www. hybrid-rental-car. com

Colonoscope System to Avoid Loop Formation

Colonoscope System to Avoid Loop Formation Enclosed is my report of Final Project pertaining to Design of new system proposed for a Procedure of Colonoscopy to overcome a Looping Problem. Various factors have been discussed and some approaches have been utilized throughout this report and have found this area as full on interest, though clearly also one of the most mandatory for practical life. Working on this area has tremendously increased my knowledge. These days Colonoscopy is a subject which is point of interest for every organization, especially for those who are having an immense research in this area related to innovation and enhancement and companies which mainly deals in Medical Equipment Technologies and various processes. There are Designing and Electrical area which are set in Colonoscopy Equipment to the Development of Electrical System which contains a deep level of area linked to Electrical Technology. Thus, reflecting the current value of product/services among the consumers or how the value can be increased and also its scientific development Many research firms are working globally related to development and innovation of Colonoscopy and are and also there are some companies which have the statistical data and are providing useful information for technical people so they are plan and market their business accordingly and specially those areas which are a part of Colonoscopy technology. Influencing the ways that people act in their daily utilization lives is an anxiety for researchers in a number of disciplinary areas, including consumer Behaviour psychology, development, innovation, health research and marketing. The particular context of the low-income consumer is one that is starting to emerge in the consumer and marketing policy literature as one of importance, particularly in terms of ensuring that these consumers get their basic needs met in their marketplace interactions. However, there is still limited knowledge about the Colonoscopy patterns of low level of technical people mean they have less knowledge about Colonoscopy and in particular there are very few studies that have examined attempts to influence or modify lower knowledge for those technical people which dont have sufficient knowledge for this domain. Report is composed of different areas, for a better idea the report is organized of areas which are descried as under. Necessary requirements of a report Basic introduction of a Colonoscopy and its current procedure, with some concepts of its medical application are conditions which are required before any colonoscopy procedure or its application Idea of a new equipment, modelling and designing methodology in order to get proper idea pertaining to new designed procedure New product development procedure and approach, so once the procedure is designed a new equipment is produced what will be the activities related to costing factors, technical implementations, commercialization strategies etc. Conclusion and References This project is about the interface and a system which will help doctors and physicians to perform successful colonoscopy procedure without facing any looping problem, if any problem occurs system will help to identify problem. There are some New Product Development areas which are also discussed in this report. Various aspects of Colonoscopy and its modelling has been discussed in this report and some introduction material is also applied to apply a defining light related to various concepts Colonoscope:Colonoscopy is the endoscopic examination of the large bowel and the distal part of the small bowel with a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus. It can provide a visual diagnosis the opportunity for biopsy or removal of suspected colorectal cancer lesions. [1] Figure 1: Gilo, Colonoscope, Image adapted from Wikimedia.org, 2009 Colonoscopy: Colonoscopy is a procedure which helps doctor to examine the lining of the entire rectum and colon by using the endoscope having a camera with one of its end. Colonoscopy may be done for the following purposes: Blood in the Stool Anemia Abdominal Pain Areas of Inflammation that may indicate ulcerative colitis Helps to obtain biopsy tissue for examination Diagnose of Invasive Cancer Changes in Bowels Habits, such as constipation or diarrhea Complete removal of large polyp Recheck the colon following surgery for Colon Cancer Figure 2: Colonoscopy Preparation, Image adapted from American Gastroenterological association, April 2013 Colonoscopy may be done for a variety of reasons, most of the time it is done to find out the cause of blood in the stool, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and change in bowel habit or an abnormality found on colonic X rays or a Computed axial tomography scan. [2] Individuals having previous history of polyps or colon cancer and certain individuals with a family history of some types of non-colonic cancers or colonic problems that may be associated with colonic cancer may be advised to have periodic colonoscopies because their risks are greater for polyps or colon cancer. [2] How often should one undergo colonoscopy depends on the degree of the risks and the abnormalities found at previous colonoscopies. It has been recommended that even healthy people at normal risk for colon cancer should undergo colonoscopy at age 50 and every 10 years thereafter, for the purpose of removing colonic polyps before they become cancerous. [2] Figure 3: Steven, Mark, Colon Cancer and Polyp Image adapted from Colonoscopy Preparation Process The process of colonoscopy includes the intubation of a Colonoscope from the anus via the colon to the cecum. Throughout a comprehensive colonoscopy procedure, the insertion shaft is inserted into the anus then pushed through the rectum, sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, and ascending colon through to the cecum. [3] At present to perform the Colonoscopy there are two methods which are available and they are known as two Person and One Person Colonoscopy Procedure. [3] In the one-person colonoscopy, the physician performs the inspection alone, managing the angulation panels and valves with one hand and inserting or twisting the shaft with the other hand. In one-person colonoscopy, the physician customs the right hand to insert the scope and control the orientation of the distal end of the scope with the left hand. Thus, the one-person method typically creates a better coordination of the two operations during the procedure. [3] In the two-person colonoscopy, a physician and an assistant perform the two-person colonoscopy, i.e., the physician controls the orientation of the scope, and the assistant pulls and pushes the Colonoscope according to the physicians command. [3] By contrast, in the two-person method, an assistant pushes or pulls the scope while the physicians control the scope orientation. In the latter method, good coordination often is hard to achieve. [3] As a result, the two-person method often creates more procedure-induced abdominal pains than does the one-person method. [3] Figure 4: Cole, Chrissie, Colonoscopy Procedure, Image adapted from Colonoscopy Cancer Screening Procedure, October Before having a colonoscopy, doctor must be aware if patient has any special medical conditions. Some of the conditions are mentioned as under: [4] Pregnancy Lung conditions Heart conditions Allergies to any medications Diabetes or take drugs that may affect blood clotting. Adjustments to these medications may be required before the procedure. Some patients also needs to antibiotics before the colonoscopy. Some of the examples are described as under: [4] Have an artificial heart valve Have ever been told you need to take antibiotics before a dental or surgical procedure In recent times a little amount of work has been done on colonoscopy device and little advancement has been made but still there is a problem which is common to colonoscopy device and i.e. Loop Information in colonoscopy when procedure is applied. Figure 5: Tudor, Alex, Loop Formation in Colonoscopy, Image adapted from Fundamentals: Diagnostic Colonoscopy, June Most commonly, we speak of a difficult colonoscopy being one in which it was challenging or not possible to reach the cecum. Others might be inclined to measure difficulty based on the duration of time required, or the amount of physical exertion involved or even the discomfort the patient experiences. [5] For the expert colonoscopies, a difficult colonoscopy might be one in which it is challenging to diligently examine each fold upon withdrawal. For the purposes of this discussion, we will confine ourselves to viewing the difficult colonoscopy as one in which the endoscopies struggles or fails to reach the cecum. [5] Figure 6: Steele, R.J.C, Perforation of the Bowel by Colonoscopy, United Kingdom, Image adapted from How I do it Colonoscopy Research Objective:When we analyze different colonoscopy available in the market then we realize that there are various colonoscopy procedures which has introduced in market and are adapted for medical examinations as well. Some of the types which are introduced in medical sector are mentioned as under Variable Stiffness Colonoscope Over tube Colonoscope Capsule Endoscope Self Propelled Endoscope Virtual Colonoscopy Aer O Scope Neo Guide Endoscopy System Image Guided Colonoscopy In this project we have mentioned new proposed equipment which is added in a Colonoscope device and will be utilized in a procedure of colonoscopy and certain small equipment has also been added with Colonoscope which helps to overcome the loop problem associated with the Colonoscopy Procedure at present. Reason of a Loop Formation: The actual reason of a loop formation is self-locking mechanism, it occurs when Colonoscope and Colon comes in contact two states occurs which is Stick State and Slip State. Slip state occurs when tangential force is greater than the limit of static friction force, this friction force can be determined by the multiplication of dynamic frictional coefficient and normal applied force to the point. Stick state is the displacement of two contact points when both of them are equal to zero. This stick state usually occurs in sigmoid colon. Self-locking mechanism generally occurs when driving force angle is less than the friction angle and this state is known as stick state. So far to avoid loop formation the principle has been shown up but there is no such equipment which can support this principle. In further part of this report we will be discussing what equipment and design can help to avoid the problem and support the idea which has been generated. Figure 13: Colon Perforation, Image adapted from Medical Demonstrative Evidence, USA 1999 Idea Generation/Concept:After analyzing various concepts and types of colonoscopy procedures available in medical field it has been observed that loop formation is a very vast and common problem available in this area which created problem for doctor to perform the procedure. To overcome this problem equipment is suggested in this report which will be a best fit for the current principle of colonoscopy that helps to overcome the looping error and problem. The suggested equipment here will be integrated with the Colonoscope and will help measuring the force angle and also compares it with the friction angle so if the driving force will be greater than the friction force the loop formation will be avoided. Benefits of the new integrated equipment are described as under Advanced Indication of Loop formation Run Time Mechanism Forces and Parameters in an display panel so Doctors can be informed during procedure Smooth Procedure   Basic Idea in a Block Diagram: (Flowchart # 1) Modelling of a New System: There are various stages defined below but first we will start with the Block diagram of this new model. Block Diagram of a System: (Flowchart # 2) Explanation of a Model/System: Model discussed above consist of various sensors and devices which will help physicians to use a system which will give result as a Loop free Colonoscope procedure. Colonoscopy Force Monitor: CFM is a device that continuous measures, displays and stores the information. It is a preferred method to screen for colorectal cancer. Figure 14: CFM Device, Image adapted from Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, USA 2014 It is a handheld force-measuring attachment mounted on the Colonoscope shaft that provides a physician with a real-time feedback on the force and torque applied during colonoscopy. The CFM is designed to improve training of people which operated endoscopy and establish best practices for performing colonoscopy by quantitative characterization of expert skill. Control Unit: Control unit plays a vital role to avoid loop formation. It has two knobs i.e. Knob A and Knob B and both of them are controlled by Doctor. When doctor controls the knob the Tip gets particular orientation. Here we will use both Models which were proposed by Wubin Cheng. His first Model was to give the information to Doctor about the contact force and position on tip in the colon so if there is any chance for the self-locking to occur so doctors should get warning in advance through the display system. Second model describes relation between two knobs and the tip in order to compute the tip orientation information. Interface through a Block Diagram: (Flowchart # 3) Result: By applying this new system Medical doctor will be able to identify current situation of a colonoscopy procedure. If there will be any loop problem or a self-locking mechanism will occur then doctor will be able to overcome it because information will be coming from CFM which is connected outside human body and doctor will be able to see force exerted to the tip of insertion tube and if it is not correct so they will be change the orientation of the tip. System Flow in case of Loop Formation: (Flowchart # 4) It will be a web based application which will be showing different information There will be a live monitoring of a procedure so doctors will be able to examine the procedure on run time Interface will be integrated to the CFM which will be providing the information of torque and force so if there will be an extra torque or force that doctors will be applying then they will receive a message on interface that Loop formation can occur Interface will be integrated to the Knob which will be receiving the message of the Tip of the orientation so if there will be any requirement for the change of the orientation of the tip then doctors will be able to change it. For the change of orientation doctors will able receive a message on the live inteferace Evaluation of a Model: Here we will be doing evaluation of a proposed model of this project. The parameters defining the model as a Good or a Bad model is taken from Zhang Lin FCBPSS modelling presentation. Validity: Upon receiving the information over a display panel of a CFM if doctors follow the procedure as per defined over a display panel so process can be performed smoothly and validity of a system will remain as designed i.e. output will be accomplished in a perfect way. Utility: Information coming from CFM will be accurate it will be dependent of medical staff on how they actually perform a process. Otherwise, it will be a perfect utility to give required output. Reliability: Process applied on a same patient multiple times in regular interval for a particular day, the results will always be obtained as same. Comprehensiveness: Colonoscope is only required to be integrated with different companies of display panel or control unit, this is only area for the comprehensiveness. The system will be designed in such a way the integration will remain uniform whenever it combines with any other device. Ease of use (Usability): it will be a user friendly device; uses will be designed as easy for the use of staff. Product Screening and Benefits: Since the new proposed system will be capable to overcome many problems which were occurring in past therefore this will be a top benefit of the new designed procedure. There is a huge market present for users which will be able to use this new design procedure, currently there is a big market which are in need to use the process of a colonoscopy but they are unable to utilize it because of a looping problem. There are many medical facilities round the world which are looking to utilize the best procedure of a Colonoscopy. There are some facts and figures which have been mentioned in a website related to Colorectal Cancer and that describes requirement of this product in a market with desperate measures 630,000 deaths expected Highest rates in Japan, Korea and Asia in general Risks increase with age, with 90% of cases being people over 50 Screening reduces mortality since it can detect cancer at early stage. 5 year increases to 90% from 64% Many countries are adopting screening programs for people over 50 Current tests available: FOBT (fecal occult blood test), sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy, barium enema [6] Expected Market Size: The new procedure of a colonoscopy will be able to capture a huge market size. Globally a gigantic level of market is available for this device by making this new technology with software integration will be able to huge market immensely. Routine colorectal cancer screening is something that tens of millions in the United States go through every few years. After the age of 50 patients are encouraged to have a colonoscopy every 5-10 years. Between these colonoscopies, they can use non-invasive tests that can sometimes determine the presence of cancer or even pre cancers. [7] Currently, there are three main types of tests that are used: Fecal occult blood tests (FOBT), Fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), and stool DNA tests (sDNA). [7] Of these three, fecal occult blood tests are used the most frequently probably because they are quite cheap ( The number of virtual colonoscopy procedures performed in the United States is expected to increase through 2014. Growth in the over-50-years-of-age demographic will drive procedure volumes in this market. In addition, public awareness of colon cancer and the importance of early detection are encouraging people to receive regular screenings. [9] As the number of virtual colonoscopy procedures increases, the market for virtual colonoscopy software is also expected to increase, with companies such as General Electric (GE) leading the change. However, prices are estimated to decrease as competition within the virtual colonoscopy software market intensifies. [9] But as inconvenient as it is, CRC screening saves lives. A little over 50,000 US patients die of this disease each year, making it the second deadliest cancer in the United States. About 20-40% of patients are diagnosed with the disease in the later stages, when surgical removal is not curative. However, the majority of screens that catch polyps will find them while they are still adenomas. Adenomas are typically asymptomatic, meaning that patients would not have been able to detect them without a colonoscopy. [10] Figure 7: Herrick, Devon, Colonoscopy Market, Image adapted from The Emerging Market for Medical Care Concept Development of a Procedure: Concept development of this new equipment initiates from the new features which will be embedded in it. For example CFM, Software Integration and Run Time information of a Loop Formation during a Colonoscopy so the Doctor can be informed and necessary actions can be taken in order to make it a perfect Colonoscopy Procedure. Characteristics Benefits Software Integration Run Time or Live Information Live Display Parameters showing up on Display Panel for correct forces or torques Loop Formation Alerts Early indication of Loop formation in case of extra force etc. Table 1: Product Benefits, Type of Table adap

Austrian School Cost Essay

Our behaviors and decisions in our daily lives are affected by economics. When making decisions, we will use economic theories either consciously or subconscious to decide if we will make or reject that decision. The same can also be used to explain our actions and behaviors when making an economic decision to purchase a house. This paper will evaluate how economics affect one’s decision to purchase a new house. First, the decision to purchase a new house is considered a large and important decision by many. This is because the prices of houses are usually very high, and thus purchasing a new house will greatly deplete the savings of an individual. The demand of houses is highly price elastic. Economic theories state that the larger the proportion of income a certain purchase requires, the more price elastic the demand will be. In the case of the purchase of a new house, it will require the spending of a large proportion of an average person’s income, hence this will greatly lower the purchasing power of the individual when the decision is made to purchase the house. Furthermore, buying a new house will require people to shift from a familiar environment to a less familiar environment and this can be a life-changing experience which may be scary to some. Hence, these are all factors which make the purchase of a new house a very difficult decision to make. There are various principles of economics that can be applied to a decision to purchase a new house. First, one of the principles will be that of trade-offs which people have to face. Every decision comes at a cost. In this case, the decision to purchase a new house will deplete people of a large proportion of their savings. The tradeoffs which they face will be alternatives which they get to enjoy with the same amount of money. For example, the same amount of money spent on a new house can be used on sending a child to university, going on a long holiday or purchasing a new vehicle. I have to remember even though the APR’s may be low and I have my down payment or even if I am using HUD as a first time buyer to eliminate closing cost or no fees at all there may still be one depending on my situation. Purchasing a new home is a big step not only the financial part of if but also the area I chose and the economy at this point and time. I must think ahead to how the economy will be now and later, as well as the housing area I chose. Will the neighborhood be a good choice for my kids, and will my house be a smart investment in terms of efficiency and equity? I need to determine if a recession will place my decision in purchasing a home the wrong time to buy. A recession could cause job lose and no income to pay my mortgage or even placing me in default to take out a loan on my home. Taking a loan on my home to make ends meet would cause me to pay double for my home and never actually own it. Tradeoffs are important when purchasing a new home because you have to be willing to give up miscellaneous items to get where u want to be, extra expenses are not a good idea when purchasing a new home.

Organizational studies Essay

Prof. Andras Tilcsik, Rotman School of Management andras. tilcsik@rotman. utoronto. ca (preferred contact method) https://portal. utoronto. ca/ 416-946-0610 (email preferred) 95 St. George St. , Room 7018; Thursdays 2:30-3:30pm & by appointment TBA Course Scope and Mission Organizations are all around us in society: we study in them, work for them, rely on them for goods and services, and we are regulated and influenced by them. Understanding organizations, therefore, is key to becoming more effective actors in the organizations that we are, or will be, part of. Organization theory is the scientific study of how organizations function as collective social systems in their particular environment. Applied to business, organization theory primarily focuses on how different organizational design choices facilitate or hinder the achievement of organizational goals (e. g. , profit, survival, growth) in competitive marketplaces. In this course, we will explore organization theory with an emphasis on understanding organizations as systems, and on the practical applications of these theories for organization management. The primary focus of our course materials, analysis, and discussion will be on organizations (not the people who comprise it). Thus, this course—like organization theory more generally—offers a unique perspective for those interested in business and management. By the end of the course, you will achieve the following to become a more effective organizational actor: ? Familiarity with key elements of organizational structure, design, processes, and context 1 of 10 ? ? Skills in organizational analysis and the diagnosis of strengths and  weaknesses Ability to apply organizational theory to real world organizations Course Prerequisites RSM260H1/ MGT262H1 Course Exclusions RSM360H1/ MGT363H1 Required Readings ? ? Daft, R. L & Armstrong, A. (2012). Organization Theory and Design (2nd Canadian edition). Toronto: Nelson. (ISBN-10: 0176503684 / ISBN-13: 9780176503680) Supplemental material will be occasionally handed out in class, or posted on Blackboard. Evaluation and Grades Grades are a measure of the performance of a student in individual courses. Each student shall be judged on the basis of how well he or she has command of the course materials. Work Class Participation & Attendance Individual Short Paper Team Project Proposal Presentation Report Closed-book short quizzes Open-book final exam Bonus credit 10% 15% 0%* 5% 30% 10% 30% (up to 3%) Due Date Ongoing January 28, 2013 February 11, 2013 Variable March 18, 2013 Variable FAS final period (March 25, 2013) * Final project reports from groups that fail to submit the proposal on time will NOT be graded. 1. Class Participation & Attendance (10%) In each class, I might randomly call five to six students to present their work or ideas or to lead class discussion at any time. It is likely that I will open the class by asking someone to summarize the readings or cases briefly, or answer a short question. Please be prepared to participate in class by ensuring that you have read the assigned material before class. I also strongly recommend taking detailed in-class notes and reviewing them after class, while the material is fresh in your mind. I expect you to attend every class on time, and stay for the entire session. If you have an unavoidable conflict, which makes it impossible for you to attend a particular session, please notify me at least 24 hours in advance. 2 of 10 2. Individual Short Paper on Management Fads (15%) This assignment asks you to gather some information on a current and a past trend or fad in management and consider the causes and effects of these fads. This assignment is explained in more detail in Chapter 5 of the textbook (p. 195, â€Å"Chapter 5 Workbook: Management Fads†). Make sure that your address all three questions in the assignment. Your report should read like a coherent (short) essay, rather than just a set of disconnected answers to different questions. If it is helpful for your analysis, you might consider how the institutional perspective on organizations (pp. 188-193) helps explain your findings. The paper should be approximately 800 words, typed double-spaced. Write clearly and concisely and indicate all your sources. If you are not sure where to start looking for information, or how you might think about these questions, please see me well in advance of the due date. 3. Team Project (35%) In teams of 5 to 6, you will analyze a case—or a set of cases—by applying appropriate theories to generate insights about organizational theory, design, and change. The project also requires you to be creative in how you present the insights. More information about the final case project will be posted on Blackboard and provided in class on January 28, 2013. 4. Closed-book Short Quizzes (10%) To enhance your overall learning effectiveness, I will give 4 short pop quizzes through the semester. Your best 3 quiz scores will count towards your grade. Further details will be announced in class. 5. Open-book Final Exam (30%) The final exam will be an open-book written examination, in which non-electronic aids are permitted. The final will cover all readings and course content (e. g. , lectures, class discussions). 6. Bonus Credit (up to 3%) Organizational scholars sometimes run experimental studies to test new hypotheses. You can earn extra credits up to 3% by participating in research studies conducted through the Rotman Participant pool between January 7, 2012, and March 25, 2013. These credits will count towards your cumulative course grade, and your participation in a study will help contribute to cutting-edge research on organizational behavior, marketing, or other business issues. You will receive 1% extra credit for each hour of research in which you participate. To participate in a research study, sign up for an account online at http://rotman-credit. sona-systems. com. When you request an account, make sure you fill out all of the information accurately, including selecting the correct course and section, to ensure that you receive credit. Once you have an account, you may read over the descriptions of research studies that are posted online. When you identify a study in which you would like to participate, you may view available timeslots for that study and sign-up online to participate. Participation in the actual research study will take between 45 and 60 minutes. You will be debriefed at the end of the study, and you will be asked to answer a question about some aspect of the study. Once you correctly answer the question, you will be given credit for completing one study. COURSE FORMAT AND EXPECTATIONS For Written Assignments: Please note that clear, concise, and correct writing will be considered in the evaluation of all your written work for this course (i. e. , individual short paper, team project report, and final written exam). That is, you may lose points for writing that impedes communication: poor 3 of 10 organization, weak paragraph development, excessive wordiness, hard-to-follow sentence structure, spelling mistakes and grammatical errors. Students who require additional support and/or tutoring with respect to their writing skills are encouraged to visit the Academic Success Centre (www. asc. utoronto. ca) or one of the College Writing Centres (www. writing. utoronto. ca/writing-centres). These centres are teaching facilities – not editing services, where trained staff can assist students in developing their academic writing skills. For Class Participation: It is my hope that our class can serve as a riskless environment in which we all feel comfortable testing new ideas and pushing the boundaries of our thinking. This may be a different experience than you have had in previous classes, but exploring your ideas out loud by participating in the discussion will serve you well in other classes and in your future careers. I know that some of you may be shy or uncomfortable speaking publicly and/or English is not your first language. If you are particularly worried about your in-class contributions, please check in within the first two weeks of the semester, and I can work with you in creative ways to help your contributions. There is, however, no alternative to participating in class discussions. But if you do fall into this category, please come see me early in the term, and we will work together to come up with ways to facilitate your participation. There is no charge for the instruction and support. For Group Work: The final project requires students to work in teams of 5 to 6. Learning to work together in teams is an important aspect of your education and preparation for your future careers. That said, project-based teamwork is often new to students and you are therefore reminded of the following expectations with respect to behaviour and contributions to your team project. 1. Read the document entitled, â€Å"Working in Teams: Guidelines for Rotman Commerce Students† which is available on the RC portal under the Academic Services tab. 2. When working in a team, Rotman Commerce students are expected to: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Treat other members with courtesy and respect; Honour the ground rules established by the team; Contribute substantially and proportionally to the final project; Ensure enough familiarity with the entire contents of the group project/assignment so as to be able to sign off on it as original work; Meet the project timeline as established by the team. 3. Resolving differences: Conflicts can – and do – occur. Conflicts are part of the team’s process of learning how to work together effectively and can actually generate exciting debate and creative solutions – if managed appropriately. Student teams are collectively expected to resolve disputes or misunderstandings as soon as they arise (and prior to submission of the final project). In cases where teams are unable to reach a mutually agreeable solution, the entire team must meet with the Rotman Commerce Team Coach** as soon as possible. The Coach will listen to the team and help develop options for improving the team process. All members of the project team must commit to, and, utilize their action plans. ** The Rotman Commerce Team Coach, Nikoleta Vlamis, may be reached 4 of 10 at nikoleta@nikoletaandassociates. com for an appointment. Nikoleta is an expert in team dynamics and facilitation. Note that Nikoleta’s role is to provide guidance, support and advice on team matters – not to formally evaluate or assess teamwork for academic purposes. 5 of 10 WEEKLY SCHEDULE (subject to change) Session 1 Date Jan 7 Topic and cases Introduction: Organization Theory & Design Textbook readings Chapter 1 2 Jan 14 Organization Design & Strategy Chapter 2 3 Jan 21 Organizational Structure Short Case: Aquarius Advertising (pp. 124-127) External Environment & Inter-Organizational Relationships Final case project announced Organization Design in an International Environment Short Case: Ivanhoe Mines (pp. 236-238) Halfway Point: Taking Stock and Looking Ahead Case: Tim Hortons (pp. 510-513) Chapter 3 Chapter 4 & 5 Individual short paper due Chapter 6 4 Jan 28 5 Feb 4 6 Feb 11 Team project proposal due No class Feb 18 University Closed (Family Day). No Class. 7 Feb 25 Organization Size, Life Cycle, and Decline Short Case: I Love Rewards Inc. (pp. 348-350) Organizational Culture Short Case: Closing the Gap (pp. 386-387) Innovation & Change Management Case: The Hospital for Sick Children (pp. 514-520) Chapter 9 8 Mar 4 Chapter 10 9 Mar 11 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Team project report due Chapter 13 10 Mar 18 Decision-making 11 Mar 25 Conflict, Power & Politics Final team presentations (1) Final Review & Debrief Final team presentations (2) 12 April 1 N/A TBA by FAS. FINAL EXAM All course materials 6 of 10 POLICY AND PROCEDURE Missed Tests and Assignments (including midterm examinations) Students who miss a test or assignment for reasons entirely beyond their control (e. g. illness) may submit a request for special consideration. Provided that notification and documentation are provided in a timely manner, and that the request is subsequently approved, no academic penalty will be applied. In such cases, students must notify Rotman Commerce on the date of the missed test (or due date in the case of course work) and submit supporting documentation (e.g. a medical certificate) to the Rotman Commerce Program Office within one week of the originally scheduled test or due date. Students who do not provide Rotman Commerce or the instructor with appropriate or sufficient supporting documentation will be given a grade of 0 (zero). Note that the physician’s report must establish that the patient was examined and diagnosed at the time of illness, not after the fact. The Faculty will not accept a statement that merely confirms a later report of illness made by the student to a physician. Late Assignments Assignments are due at the beginning of the class of the weeks specified in the outline. The grade will normally be reduced by 10% if the assignment is not received by the specified time, and by an additional 10% per day late. Students who, for reasons beyond their control, are unable to submit an assignment by its deadline must obtain approval from the instructor for an extension. Supporting documentation will be required as per the policy on missed tests and assignments. Accessibility Needs The University of Toronto is committed to accessibility. If you require accommodations for a disability, or have any accessibility concerns about the course, the classroom or course materials, please contact Accessibility Services as soon as possible: disability. services@utoronto. ca or http://www. accessibility. utoronto. ca/. Attendance of Other Sections I teach two sections of this class on Monday. You must attend the section in which you are registered. Under exceptional circumstances, however, you may attend a different section on the same day (each section will cover the same material) provided that you receive permission from me at least three days in advance. Email Policy & Office Hours At times, the course instructor may decide to communicate important course information by email. As such, all UofT students are required to have a valid UTmail+ email address. You are responsible for ensuring that your UTmail+ email address is set up AND properly entered on the ROSI system. For more information please visit http://help. ic. utoronto. ca/category/3/utmail. html Forwarding your utoronto. ca email to a Hotmail, Gmail, Yahoo or other type of email account is not advisable. In some cases, messages from utoronto. ca addresses sent to Hotmail, Gmail or Yahoo accounts are filtered as junk mail, which means that important messages from your course instructor may end up in your spam or junk mail folder. 7 of 10 Blackboard and the Course Page The online course page for this course is accessed through Blackboard. To access the course page, go to the UofT Portal login at https://portal. utoronto. ca/ and log in using your UTORid and password. Once you have logged in, look for the My Courses module where you’ll find the link to all your course websites. If you don’t see the course listed here but you are properly registered for the course in ROSI, wait 48 hours. If the course does not appear, go to the Information Commons Help Desk in Robarts Library, 1st floor, for help, or explore the Portal Information and Help at www. portalinfo. utoronto. ca/students and review the Frequently Asked Questions. Classroom Norms Consistent with the general goal of mutual respect for all course participants, students are expected the following: Attending the class. Each class benefits from the attendance and participation of all students. Your grade for participation will be affected by absences. You should sit in the assigned seat, if relevant, and display a legible name card at all times. Arriving on time. Late arrivals are disruptive to both lectures and class discussion, and show disrespect to those who are on time. Class starts 10 minutes after the hour. Minimizing disruptions. All cell phones and pagers should be turned off during class. You should not leave and re-enter the class. You should avoid engaging in side conversations after class has begun. Focusing on the class. Laptops, iPads, and other electronic devices should be turned off during class. Being prepared for class. You should be ready to discuss any assigned readings and to answer any assigned questions for each day’s class, including being ready to open a case assigned for that day. Respect. You should act respectfully toward all class participants. Prepare using only class materials. Before a case is analyzed in class, you should neither read an analysis of the cases nor discuss it with students who have previously discussed it in class (either in a previous year or in a different course or section). Similarly, you should not share the notes handed in class with another student who may take the course at some later time. If you are in violation of this policy, or know of someone who is, please discuss it with the professor. How to Prepare for Class For all lectures: ? Start by skimming the readings, looking at headings and subheadings to understand what the reading discusses. ? Then, delve into the readings and consider the following questions. What are the central points of the reading? Why are these points important? What is not addressed? What assumptions are being made? 8 of 10 For cases: While there is no set method of case preparation, one approach involves the following: 1 ? Start by reading the textbook or any theoretical readings or articles that are also assigned. Consider what the case is designed to accomplish—why this case, now, in this course? Use the other readings as a way to frame your reading of the case ? Read the exhibits (if any) first. What do they say about the case? Then, skim the case. ? Read the case. Take notes on important issues. Draw links between the other readings and the assigned case. Apply any tools discussed in the other readings. ? Reread the exhibits (if any). ? Also, don’t forget what we’ve learned in prior classes. Often, using our tools of analysis will give you new insights into a particular case. ? It’s often helpful to summarize your perspective of the case on a single page of notes. It requires you to focus on the larger issues at hand, rather than feeling that every fact is important. ? Take a stand. What are the core issues in this case? Why are they so important? What should be done? What will happen if your idea is implemented? Academic Integrity Academic Integrity is a fundamental value essential to the pursuit of learning and scholarships at the University of Toronto. Participating honestly, respectively, responsibly, and fairly in this academic community ensures that the UofT degree that you earn will continue to be valued and respected as a true signifier of a student’s individual work and academic achievement. As a result, the University treats cases of academic misconduct very seriously. The University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters http://www.governingcouncil. utoronto. ca/policies/behaveac. htm outlines the behaviours that constitute academic misconduct, the process for addressing academic offences, and the penalties that may be imposed. You are expected to be familiar with the contents of this document. Potential offences include, but are not limited to: In papers and assignments: †¢ Using someone else’s ideas or words without appropriate acknowledgement. †¢ Submitting your own work in more than one course without the permission of the instructor. †¢ Making up sources or facts. †¢ Obtaining or providing unauthorized assistance on any assignment (this includes collaborating with others on assignments that are supposed to be completed individually). On test and exams: †¢ Using or possessing any unauthorized aid, including a cell phone. †¢ Looking at someone else’s answers †¢ Misrepresenting your identity. †¢ Submitting an altered test for re-grading. 1 This section borrows from Prof. Anita McGahan’s notes on case preparation (article forthcoming) 9 of 10 Misrepresentation: †¢ Falsifying institutional documents or grades. †¢ Falsifying or altering any documentation required by the University, including (but not limited to), medical notes. All suspected cases of academic dishonesty will be investigated by the following procedures outlined in the Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters. If you have any question about what is or is not permitted in the course, please do not hesitate to contact the course instructor. If you have any questions about appropriate research and citation methods, you are expected to seek out additional information from the instructor or other UofT resources such as College Writing Centres or the Academic Success Centre. Recording Lectures Lectures and course materials prepared by the instructor are considered by the University to be an instructor’s intellectual property covered by the Canadian Copyright Act. Students wishing to record a lecture or other course material in any way are required to ask the instructor’s explicit permission, and may not do so unless permission is granted (note: students who have been previously granted permission to record lectures as an accommodation for a disability are, of course, excepted). This includes tape recording, filming, photographing PowerPoint slides, Blackboard materials, etc. If permission is granted by the instructor (or via Accessibility Services), it is intended for the individual student’s own study purposes and does not include permission to â€Å"publish† them in anyway. It is absolutely forbidden for a student to publish an instructor’s notes to a website or sell them in any other form without formal permission.

East of Eden BookMovie comparison essays

East of Eden BookMovie comparison essays East of Eden: Book Movie Explanation John Steinbecks epic tale, East of Eden, is portrayed very accurately in Elia Kazans film adaptation of the novel. Though the screen adaptation of East of Eden is an excellent portrayal, one of the most probable reasons for deleting sections of the book were constraints of time and money. Apparently the directors choices to delete certain sections of the book obviously did not affect the movie or the books plot line too greatly. The director most probably felt that the backgrounds of Adam or Kate were not necessary since in this movie the main theme circulated around Cal and Arons fight to win their fathers love and attention. Elia Kazan probably also felt that the role of Lee, Samuel Hamilton, and other supporting characters were not essential to the screenplay. I do think that the director should have added a little insight and background to Adams family such as his feeling of respect and not love toward his father Cyrus and, like his own sons situation, his brother, Charles, jealousy over his fathers affection. The last moments of the movie sum up and bring all the emotional conflicts of this dysfunctional family to a heads in climatic and dramatic fashion. Cal believes that he will finally aquire the love, appreciation and respect that he has craved for from his father, through his gift of money. His fathers rejection only serves to convince him that further attempts to gain his fathers approval are futile and that he truly must be evil as everyone suspects. His brothers rejection confirms his decision and he reacts by revealing his mothers identity to his brother Aron. Aron subsequently enlists in the armed forces and is ...

Presidential Wives essays

Presidential Wives essays Throughout American history, most chief executives have had a lady by their side. Two Presidents were widowed before their election, three had wives who died in the White House, and several lost their wives after winning office . Only two bachelors have been elected to the Presidency in over 200 years, James Buchanan in 1856 and Grover Cleveland in 1884 (Cleveland married during his first term ). Taking all of these occurrences into account, women have only been absent for thirty-two of the 215 years that this country has been using the presidential system. One cannot write off this number as mere coincidence when the troubles faced by those lone bachelors are taken into account. The public criticism that was directed at both men suggested that Americans expect their Head of State to come with a partner. This, the most striking point of a Presidents private life, has much to do with how well a man can perform the duties of President of the United States. There is no doubt of t he impact that a First Lady can have on the election of and strength of the President. Some of the ladies that embody the qualities of the First Lady are Dolley Madison, Lucy Hayes, Jackie Kennedy, and Hillary Clinton. Born in 1768, Dolley Payne Todd Madison grew up in a Virginian Quaker Community. She married at 21, but soon lost her first husband and a young son to illness. It was when she moved to Washington to aid her mother in the running of a boardinghouse that she was introduced to James Madison. Madison was nearly twenty years her senior and several inches shorter than the beautiful Dolley, but she took a liking to him and referred to him as the great little Madison (Caroli, p13). The two were married in 1794. After the marriage, both Dolley and James seemed to blossom. Now free of Quaker laws, Dolley began to wear colorful, expensive clothing and learned to entertain. James, who was once described as always looking like &qu...

Personal Philosophy For Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Personal Philosophy For Education - Essay Example It is in view of the above discussed needs in their totality that it is observed, discipline has to be married with dignity (Curvin, Mendler and Mendler, 2008, p.14-20). The students are found to learn best when the teacher possesses a consistent personal philosophy of education so that â€Å"an acceptable theory of discipline (for all occasions and events) can be evolved to provide needed direction and help reduce teaching complexities and and increase effectiveness (Edwards, 2008, p.23). The major benefit of having a philosophy of education is that it â€Å"serves as a guide and helps eliminate problems that stem from having to make decisions without the benefit of a firm set of principles† (Edwards, 2008, p.25). Personal philosophy of education can be defined as â€Å"a consistent well-understood system of beliefs and associated theories† that a teacher depends upon for guidance in his/her professional acts (Edwards, 2008, p.25). ... 31 - 32). But once the teacher has evolved a concrete philosophy of education, there is always an option for the teacher of comparing one’s bahaviour and actions with that philosophy and correcting deviant behaviour and actions. The students learn best when the teacher defines all the professional practices, leadership and management skills and behaviours related to personal effectiveness based on his/her personal philosophy of education (National Institute of Education Singapore, n.d.). The professional practices are related to various aspects like, supporting the growth of the child, ensuring quality in the learning exercise of the child, providing quality learning of the child in CCA, and cultivating knowledge through perfect command over the subjects taught, encouraging reflective and analytic thinking, promoting initiative, rendering knowledge with a creative edge and with a focus on the short term and long term future requirements (National Institute of Education Singapo re, n.d.). Similarly, leadership and management skills to be exercised by the teacher have to include winning hearts and minds of the students through empathising rather than mere systemising and also through understanding the classroom environment and developing the children (Baron-Cohen, 2004, p.2-6; National Institute of Education Singapore, n.d.). Leadership and management is also about working with others, which in this particular context is related to working with the parents and in teams that include students, teachers and the school administration (National Institute of Education Singapore, n.d.). Finally, the third aspect of ensuring that